Web hosting is a service that provides, at a minimum, storage space on a server and bandwidth which allows the data (web pages, images, emails etc) stored on this server to be transferred to anyone viewing the data.
A more pragmatic definition is that web hosting is a service that provides your web site with a connection to the to the Internet via a web server and high speed internet connection. Your web content is then accessible from anywhere in the world. Renting space on a web server is much like renting an apartment.
Disk space is the size your website can be. Every single letter on your website has to be stored somewhere on your web host's server. Each letter is one byte, and a megabyte is roughly one million bytes. HTML pages are usually very small, but it is the extra images, scripts, and even databases that can take up large amounts of disk space.
Bandwidth/Transfer is the amount of data the server will allow your site to send in a month. Transfer is usually measured in gigabytes - billions of bytes.
Global Promotions Ltd. is offering both, Linux and Windows Hosting. Your choice of server platforms should be dictated by the use to which you intend to put it. The majority of web features run fine on both platforms including PHP, mySQL, POP3 etc. If you intend to create your site using ASP, FrontPage, the .NET environment, Windows Streaming Media, Access, MSSQL, or any of the other Microsoft proprietary technologies then you probably need to use a Windows host.